Thursday, January 16, 2014

Marco Polo's Accounts of the Mongolian Empire.

           The Mongolian people and their leader Genghis Kahn’s cruelty and their history of complete destruction makes me nervous about my journey. Their leader, Genghis Kahn, has three strengths that make his empire and army elite. His organization skills, for example, were very simple using groups of 10’s, 100’s, and 1000’s to keep his numbers simple. He also used great strategy to destroy the opposition, one of these involved baiting the enemy by only attacking with a small cavalry which then quickly retreated out of sight. The opposing army would then chase the small cavalry right to the entire Mongolian army. Another tactic that Genghis Kahn utilized was the onslaught of the entire village whether they surrendered or not. Due to the vicious attacks of Genghis Kahn and the Mongolian army, many villages surrendered before the Mongolian’s even attacked. If your village didn’t surrender when the Mongols showed up, the chief or leader of the village would be forced to watch all of his people die. This mentality that the Mongols and Genghis Kahn have makes me nervous for my trip.


Now that I have spent some time with Genghis Kahn and the Mongolians, I can see the Mongols aren’t all that bad. The Mongols have made advancements towards trade, architecture, and military. The Mongols also are very acceptant of different cultures and religions. This provides a melting pot of cultures that can give us new ideas on how to live. Genghis Kahn’s ability to unite people is outstanding. He was able to unite the people of the villages and civilizations he conquered and put them to work towards a common goal. He lowered taxes and abolished them entirely for doctors, teachers and priests. He also, unlike other leaders at the time, holds himself and other lawmakers as equal as herders. Because the Mongolians are nomadic they don’t build many permanent settlements, but they build a lot of bridges. These bridges are useful for traders along the Silk Road, which the Mongols transformed into the worlds largest free trade zone. They would build up small trading villages into large hubs for trade making it easier for traders. Possibly the most amazing fact about the Mongols is that they only have at a maximum 100,000 troops at any given time. Their ability to easily demolish villages and nations with these numbers is only more impressive. Although the empire stretches further than any other at the time, there are only about 1 million citizens. Genghis Kahn and the Mongols have been able to accomplish in just one mans lifetime what the Romans were able to do in 400.



Seeing the effects, both positive and negative, of the Mongolian empire I can now see that the Mongols weren’t just vicious, bloodthirsty barbarians. They connected Europe with China, something that hadn’t been done until then. This allowed for cultural diffusion and the growth of trade. Knowing that Genghis Kahn wasn’t looking for wealth for himself but rather bettering his army and empire. Most people don’t know of Genghis Kahn’s motives. This is why there are such mixed views on him and his empire. A very similar empire to the Mongolian Empire is the Roman Empire. They were both considered powerhouses and had elite leaders, Rome’s being Caesar. The Mongols were more focused on military than the Romans but the Romans had more respect for arts and architecture. Knowing the contributions of the Mongolian Empire, I can now see that they were more than just bloodthirsty marauders.


Bibliography:

               Field Museum. "Genghis Khan." Genghis Khan. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014. <http://genghiskhan.fieldmuseum.org>.

               


"Genghis Kahn." Meet Genghis Kahn. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.angelfire.com/mi4/cmin/gk/GK1.htm>.

               


Kaser, Michael. "Insdustrial Revolution in Mongolia." JSTOR. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. <http://www.jstor.org/>.

               


Morton, W. Scott. China, Its History and Culture. New York: Lippincott & Crowell, 1980. Print.

               


"The Mongols in World History | Asia Topics in World History." The Mongols in World History | Asia Topics in World History. Colombia University, n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014. <http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/figures/figures.htm>.




No comments:

Post a Comment